Long-term agricultural land-cover change and potential for cropland expansion in the former Virgin Lands area of Kazakhstan

During the Soviet Virgin Lands Campaign, approximately 23 million hectares (Mha) of Eurasian steppe grassland were converted into cropland in Northern Kazakhstan from 1954 to 1963.As a result Kazakhstan became an important breadbasket of the former Soviet Union.However, the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 triggered widespread agricultural aban

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Multi-omics driven paradigm for construction of traditional Chinese Medicine Zheng (syndrome) diagnosis and treatment model, taking Shi Zheng (syndrome of dampness) as an example

Abstract Background Shi Zheng (SZ, syndrome of dampness) is a major syndrome type in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the ambiguity of its pathomechanism and the lack of blood diagnostic indicators have limited the understanding of the development of SZ.Purpose To explore the pathological mechanism of SZ and establish a symptom-centered diagnosi

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